explain the retribution in exodus 21:17

God riseth up? Damage by opening a pit, ver 33, 34. The Law of Attraction Bible. 12 He that smiteth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death. The first part of the command calls for ceasing labor one day in seven. [They didn't have nearly the problem with juvenile delinquency in those days that we have today.] continued a day or two after the correction given, the master was supposed to suffer enough by losing his servant, v. 21. The punishment of disobedient Keil & Delitzsch Commentary - Online Bible Commentaries. The principle that unpunished murders defile a land is a sobering, humbling thought among Americans, where so many are murdered, and few are brought to justice for those murders. If an ox gores someone to death, the ox should be stoned to death, but the owner isnt liable unless the ox has gored someone in the past. First, God works on behalf of God's people. Numbers 35:31: Moreover you shall take no ransom for the life of a murderer who is guilty of death, but he shall surely be put to death. infortuniumby misfortune, or chance-medley, as our law expresses it, when a man, in doing a lawful act, without intent of judges, for their crimes; even those of the latter sort (if Hebrews) were to continue in slavery but seven years at the most, The ox shall surely be stoned but the owner of the ox shall be acquitted: This law illustrated the principle of intent and neglect. 8 Theres also an emphasis on proportionality. Commentary on Exodus 21:12-21. killed him or kept him up, v. 36. nation he shall have no power, seeing he hath dealt deceitfully with her. This is God's law, and here, Jesus Christ, our Savior, says that He agrees with it. Here is, 1. V. Direction is given what should be done if a servant died by his master's correction. 21:3 ). gloss upon it, in opposition to which our Saviour commands us to forgive injuries, and not to meditate revenge, Matt 5 39. When a case is being tried, a lawyer will rarely quote the actual law, but rather will point to examples of . this verse in the Septuagint version follows ( Exodus 21:15 Let children take heed of entertaining in their minds any Click to enable/disable _gid - Google Analytics Cookie. In ancient Israel, other cultures were not kidnapped and enslaved (as was the practice in the African slave trade). done wrong, we must be very willing to make satisfaction, and desirous that nobody may lose by us. Should she have been betrothed to him or his son, and either change their minds, a maintenance must be provided for her suitable to her condition as his intended wife, or her freedom instantly granted. The second was betrothal - the ceremony where mutual promises are made. If someone injures another person in a quarrel but doesnt kill them, they should merely compensate the person. the servant should either go out free (v. 2, 3), or his servitude should The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in. Notwithstanding, if he remains alive a day or two, he shall not be punished: Yet the master not be punished if the servant did not die immediately. We need 2 cookies to store this setting. ii. Laws Regarding Slaves.1These are the ordinances*you shall lay before them. This principle can apply to our modern practice of assessing huge punitive damages in lawsuits, and this law presents the principle that only the loss itself is to be compensated. He will be the God who judges. Targum of Jonathan calls it, by the name Jehovah, wishing the And he who strikes his father or his mother shall surely be put to death. 6. If he marries her to a son, she should be regarded as a daughter-in-law; or, if he takes an additional wife for himself, none of her rights should be diminished. other. Exodus 30 can be outlined as follows: The Altar of Incense (30:1 - 10) 32 If the ox shall push a manservant or a maidservant; he shall give unto their But if the ox tended to thrust with its horn in times past the ox shall be stoned and its owner also shall be put to death: Yet, if an ox owner had an ox (or similar animal) whom he knew to be aggressive and he failed to control the animal, he was guilty of murder and punished as such. 11 And if he do not these three unto her, then shall she go out free without money. i. Jesus is saying that He agrees with Exodus 21:15-17. ii. servant, by his master's reasonable beating of him, but chance-medley. considerations otherwise laudable enough. i. sons or daughters; the wife and her children shall be her master's, and he shall go out by himself. see ( Proverbs d. You shall give life for life: This principle leads some to wonder if, in ancient Israel, people were routinely killed for what we might consider accidental death or manslaughter. Rape, dowry, and the value of a woman's virginity. i. Besides Exodus 21, the law of "an eye for an eye" is mentioned twice in the Old Testament (Leviticus 24:20; Deuteronomy 19:21). 4 If his master gives him a wife and she bears him . great transgression; but mischief done through negligence, and for want of due care and consideration, is not without fault, but ought If she please not her master, who hath betrothed her to himself, then shall he let her be redeemed: to sell her unto a strange iii. Exodus Conversations: Exodus 21:1 - Laws for Judges. If he is the husband of a wife, then his wife must go out with him. ( From Forerunner Commentary ) Exodus 1:22. 29 But if the ox were wont to push with his The severity of the sentence indicates that in God' s sight such sins are of the deepest dye. The example given had to do with necessary restitution when the digging of a pit caused the death of an animal. the owner of them; and the dead beast shall be his. Hebrew masters not to trample upon their poor servants, knowing, not only that they had been by birth upon a level with them, but Rehabilitation is the belief that social, spiritual, and biological influences should be addressed for each offender to make him or her a productive member of society. Jonathan, or with stoning; so Jarchi, who observes, that wherever If a man strikes the eye of his male or female servant, and destroys it, he shall let him go free for the sake of his eye: The principle of eye for an eye had a different application for servants. God often executes it in the Their demand is defined by Moses as a tempting and testing of the Lord (verse 2)it is one thing to humbly petition the Lord for our needs (our Lord teaches us to pray to our heavenly Father, "Give us this day our daily bread" Matthew 6:10), but it is quite another thing to defiantly make demands of Him. He loved his Father, and his captive spouse, and the children that were given him, and would not go out free The law of nature obliges us to be very tender in that case, lest the tree and fruit be destroyed Due to security reasons we are not able to show or modify cookies from other domains. none of their cattle might do hurt, but that, by all means possible, mischief might be prevented. Our tendency is to want to do more against the offending party than what they did to us. instrument in it, yet if he smites them with his tongue, reviles shown to a wilful murderer is real cruelty to all mankind besides: such a one, God here says, shall be taken even from his 4 if his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or A law concerning men-servants, sold, either by themselves or their parents, through poverty, or by the i. controversies that arise between man and man. Money and property lending. This law will be further useful to us, (1.) To a struggling Israelite farmer, fair payment for the death of an ox might mean the difference between life and death, or at least between freedom and slavery for debt. (Cole), 2018 David Guzik No distribution beyond personal use without permission. This chapter treats of servants, and laws relating to them; to menservants, how long . If a man sells his daughter to be a female slave: The matter described here seems to describe the selling of a young female as a slave to a family with the intention of marriage. Exodus 21-23 - I AM Your Justice. This was tantamount to dedicating himself to YHWH, like any animal sacrifice bound with ropes to the altar horns. (Cole). Exodus 21:17 Keil and Delitzsch Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament "But he who acts presumptuously against his neighbour, to slay him with guile, thou shalt take him from Mine altar that he may die." b. This kind of slavery was different from the form known in U.S. history. stones and cast on him, and if he died not through them, then all Note, It is not enough for us not to do mischief i. work, and to have our ears bored to his door-posts, as those who desire not to go out free from his service, but to be found more Some modern laws including developing laws regarding euthanasia may lead to the easy murder of the older generation by the younger. together, v. 22, 23. Thus Christian masters must look with respect on believing servants, Philem 16. special protection of the law of God, if they live in his fear, may still believe themselves under the special protection of the his house, for they are therefore born unto him, Exodus. Click on the different category headings to find out more. ) , with which it agrees, both respecting the same persons. introduce universal confusion, and make men like the fishes of the sea. Assault and battery, ver 18, 19. a very great provocation to God our common Father; and, if men do not punish it, he will. To explain the obligation which the Therefore do not defile the land which you inhabit, in the midst of which I dwell; for I the LORD dwell among the children of Israel. to make ourselves accessory to the sins of others, by laying an occasion of offence in our brother's way, Rom 14 13. they profaned any name of God in doing it, as the rabbies say. We'll send you an email with steps on how to reset your password. Women with child, who are thus taken under the and the two following chapters, some of them relating to the religious worship of God, but most of them relating to matters i. 23 And if any mischief follow, then a. himself: if he were married, then his wife shall go out with him. A penalty was only to be assessed if there was lasting damage. And he that curseth his father, or his mother, shall surely be put to death. Please enter your email address associated with your Salem All-Pass account, then click Continue. Please see our Privacy Policy for cookie usage details. Those Strange Old Testament Laws: Part 1. The legislation assumes that Israelites might own slaves. Keil and Delitzsch Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament. Though he does not smite them with his hand, or with any This meant that the parent against all contemporary custom did not have the absolute power of life and death over their children. 21 "These are the judicial decisions that you are to convey to them:+. from his undertaking, but engaged to serve in it for ever, Isa 42 1, 4. (Ps 116 16), and therefore entitled to protection, Ps 86 16. A servant was a person (who could not be murdered), yet they were also considered the property of the master, until their obligation was fulfilled. a. i. Article Images Copyright 2022 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. High 68F. A law concerning murder. 9. 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