istio authentication policy

This is expected because mutual TLS is now strictly required, but the workload without sidecar cannot comply. If the traffic is HTTP then you should consider use some HTTP level information as it provides a lot more flexibility. From a security perspective, you shouldnt use this mode unless you provide your own security solution. Defines the mTLS mode used for peer authentication. The mesh-wide peer authentication policy shouldnt have a selector section, and it must apply to the root namespace, for example: This peer authentication policy has the following effects: JWKS endpoint from the Istio code base. Provision and manage DNS certificates in Istio. Apart from Security, Istio offers traffic management and monitoring. Once workloads are migrated with sidecar injection, you should switch the mode to STRICT. github.com. While all requests in an Istio mesh are allowed by default, Istio provides an AuthorizationPolicy resource that allows you to define granular policies for your workloads. Meaning you can send request if you provide a valid token or provide no token at all. To reject requests without valid tokens, add an authorization policy with a rule specifying a DENY action for requests without request principals, shown as notRequestPrincipals: ["*"] in the following example. Istio translates your AuthorizationPolicies into Envoy-readable config, then mounts that config into the Istio sidecar proxies. Note that youve already created a namespace-wide policy that enables mutual TLS for all services in namespace foo and observe that requests from The request now fails with error code 403: To refine authorization with a token requirement per host, path, or method, change the authorization policy to only require JWT on /headers. Do you have any suggestions for improvement? In this case, were getting the Authorization: Bearer header, decoding the jwt and apply a custom validator function. JWT claim based routing Shows you how to use Istio authentication policy to route requests based on JWT claims. To enable port level mTLS, the port should be exposed by service like we have a service exposing port 8001 else it is ignored. Clone the repository and apply the Virtual service and gateway policy. While Istio automatically upgrades all traffic between the proxies and the workloads to mutual TLS between, workloads can still receive plain text traffic. Citadel is Istio's in-cluster Certificate Authority (CA) and is required for generating and managing cryptographic identities in the cluster. kubectl get deployment -l istio=citadel -n istio-system This is the expected output: Define the mTLS authentication policy for the Tone Analyzer service: For example: By default, Istio tracks the server workloads migrated to Istio proxies, and configures client proxies to send mutual TLS traffic to those workloads automatically, and to send plain text traffic to workloads without sidecars. For example: When the server doesnt have sidecar, the X-Forwarded-Client-Cert header is not there, which implies requests are in plain text. The -k option prevents the client from verifying and looking for the server name i.e, in our case it is auth-test-service.bar.svc.cluster.local in the certificate provided by the server. Since the policy is namespace foo specific, legacy foo fails with code 56 (http_code 000), but legacy bar succeeds. Authentication policy is composed of 2-part authentication: - peer: verify caller service credentials. For mesh level, put the policy in root-namespace according to your Istio installation. Lines 3044 Expose the deployment with service. Run git clone https://github.com/JorgeReus/istio-jwt. Thus, all traffic between workloads with proxies uses mutual TLS, without you doing The old APIs were deprecated in Istio 1.4. Remove policies and destination rules created in the above steps: To experiment with this feature, you need a valid JWT. This in order to avoid writing this part in every microservice that I am creating. Istio Agent on receiving the request creates a certificate and private key and then sends a Certificate Signing Request(CSR) along with the necessary credentials to Istiod. Exec into istio-proxy sidecar of the pod in namespace fookubectl exec -ti -c istio-proxy -n foo -- /bin/bash, You need to replace with whatever pod name you see when you run kubectl get pods -n foo. Inherit from parent, if has one. When this authorization rule takes effect, requests to $INGRESS_HOST/headers fail with the error code 403. Write peer authentication policies to enable istio mutual TLS (mTLS): Check if mTLS is enabled and traffic between services is encrypted using: Node app with minimal configuration only to realize required. Learn on the go with our new app. The pod in legacy namespace has no envoy sidecar to encrypt traffic and inject the certificate, The following modes in peerauthentication for mTLS are supported:Source: istio docs. For grpc, istio exposes two versions of the API v2 & v3, you can implement both of them if you have different versions of istio and want this to work in any of them. The value the destination rule is the services port. Install Multi-Primary on different networks, Install Primary-Remote on different networks, Install Istio with an External Control Plane, Customizing the installation configuration, Custom CA Integration using Kubernetes CSR *, Istio Workload Minimum TLS Version Configuration, Classifying Metrics Based on Request or Response, Configure tracing using MeshConfig and Pod annotations *, Learn Microservices using Kubernetes and Istio, Wait on Resource Status for Applied Configuration, Monitoring Multicluster Istio with Prometheus, Understand your Mesh with Istioctl Describe, Diagnose your Configuration with Istioctl Analyze, ConflictingMeshGatewayVirtualServiceHosts, EnvoyFilterUsesRelativeOperationWithProxyVersion, EnvoyFilterUsesRemoveOperationIncorrectly, EnvoyFilterUsesReplaceOperationIncorrectly, NoServerCertificateVerificationDestinationLevel, VirtualServiceDestinationPortSelectorRequired. Ever wanted to know how you can use a JWT token to authenticate & authorize requests coming from an API gateway. Shared control plane (single and multiple networks), Monitoring and Policies for TLS Egress with Mixer (Deprecated), Authorization policies with a deny action, Authorization Policy Trust Domain Migration, Denials and White/Black Listing (Deprecated), Collecting Metrics for TCP services with Mixer, Virtual Machines in Single-Network Meshes, Learn Microservices using Kubernetes and Istio, Extending Self-Signed Certificate Lifetime, Understand your Mesh with Istioctl Describe, Diagnose your Configuration with Istioctl Analyze, RBAC Constraints and Properties (deprecated), Telemetry V2 with Wasm runtime (Experimental), ConflictingMeshGatewayVirtualServiceHosts, VirtualServiceDestinationPortSelectorRequired, Mixer Policies and Telemetry (Deprecated), Globally enabling Istio mutual TLS in STRICT mode, Enable mutual TLS per namespace or workload. NVM, I think I found why. Introducing the Istio v1beta1 Authorization Policy. Now, add a request authentication policy that requires end-user JWT for the ingress gateway. You can test this behavior if you add a policy to disable mutual TLS for the httpbin.foo workload, for example. The Ceremony of a Microservice. If there are any DENY policies that match the request, deny the request. It gives the user a very powerful and flexible, yet performant way of authorization between Kubernetes workloads. One of the new concepts is "Mixer." The Istio Mixer, as its name suggests, can take . Understand Istio authentication policy and related mutual TLS authentication concepts. If there are no ALLOW policies for the workload, allow the request. I'm trying to configure RequestAuthentication (and AuthorizationPolicy) in an Istio mesh. I checked to see if the application has istio sidecar proxy, and I would assume it does because the namespace has istio-injection. As you can see, with the valid JWT you will get an HTML response with a 200 response code.With the invalid JWT, you will get the message Your role doesnt have te required permissions with a status code 403.Lets break down what happened, First, task is a task runner (weirdly enough), this will allow us to run commands by simply specifying the task to run, the neat thing is we can set up dependencies between tasks, so by simply one command we can set up the development environment.The tasks executed by running task setup are the following ones. Our examples use two namespaces foo and bar, with two services, httpbin and sleep, both running with an Envoy proxy. the underlying concepts in the authentication overview. You can have multiple pods running in the namespace bar, but the selector field is defined to apply the policy only to those with label app: auth-test. With majority of the applications architecture adopting microservice type over monolith in order to be more sensitive to need for scaling and many other, how good is the architecture in securing the interactions between the tens or hundreds of these micro-services running? But found it to be confusing and the information you found was scattered, and you wanted to know how it all fits together?3Fear not! Expert Interview Series: Michael Snoyman of FP Complete. Since were applying multiple policies to the same path, istio applies some internal rules to know if the request should be allowed or denied, which are the following: In this specific case, the authorization service will be called first and then request authentication policy. First of all you can see that we have an array of jwtRules in the spec, every jwtRules contains an issuer and a jwksUri. Retry the request without a token. Istio 1.5 introduced a set of new objects for dealing with Authentication: PeerAuthentication and RequestAuthentication.These objects replaced the old Policy objects (removed in Istio 1.6).. Shows you how to use Istio authentication policy to route requests based on JWT claims. Run the following command to open the terminal of the containerkubectl exec -ti -c -n -- /bin/bash, and run curl http://auth-test-service.bar/test -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" -k. Service port is 80. line 23 mention the service account name in the container spec. Signature, The beauty of them is that the signature is generated by an algorithm specified in the header, so that we can be sure that the token wasnt tampered with. There is configuration being messed up in my part. require mTLS for workload finance. So we need not explicitly mention it.-k in curl command is used because, as mentioned earlier, Istio uses Kubernetes service accounts as service identity rather than service names. This kind of access control is enforced at the application layer by the Envoy sidecar proxies. WHY?Since mTLS STRICT mode is enabled globally, for requests to succeed it is expected to be encrypted. That headers presence is evidence that mTLS is in use. Run the command to get http responsesNow you should see foo legacy and bar legacy succeeding(DISABLE mode is not recommended unless you have specific use case). Istio authentication policy enables operators to specify authentication requirements for a service (or services). Why? It helps you in the gradual . The fields in the JWT allows for more flexibilities at the point of authorization. The port value in the peer authentication policy is the containers port. Mutual TLS settings for workload. From Istio 1.9, they have implemented extensibility into authorization policy by introducing a CUSTOM action, which allows you to delegate the access control decision to an external authorization . instances of httpbin and sleep running without the sidecar in the legacy namespace. However, requests without tokens are accepted. Lines 628 Deployment. Many systems out there use JWTs, chances are that you go to your favorite website, inspect the persistent stores (local storage, cookies, session storage, etc.) The JWT must correspond to the JWKS endpoint you want to use for the demo. There are two protocols that istio support to communicate with your custom authz service: http & grpc, for both you need to supply a port, the hostname of the service and optionally in http the headers you want to pass from the request. The service port is 80 which maps to container port 8001. The . AWS Well-Architected Framework in Serverless Part I: Security, for from in "foo" "bar" "legacy"; do for to in "foo" "bar" "legacy"; do kubectl exec "$(kubectl get pod -l app=auth-test -n ${from} -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})" -c auth-test -n ${from} -- curl http://auth-test-service.${to}:80/headers -s -o /dev/null -w "${from} ---> ${to}: %{http_code}\n" -k; done; done, sudo tcpdump -vvvv -A -i eth0 '((dst port and (net <, 12:38:41.228747 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 10748, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 60), auth-test-deployment-55f6c8fc4b-k2blq.48996 > 192-168-219-114.auth-test-service.legacy.svc.cluster.local.8001: Flags [S], cksum 0x385a, 12:40:12.598235 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 21877, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 1207), auth-test-deployment-55f6c8fc4b-k2blq.54996 > 192-168-219-74.auth-test-service.bar.svc.cluster.local.8001: Flags [P.], cksum 0x3cad (incorrect -> 0x5b80), seq 418160345:418161500, ack 2207553641, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 1489019456 ecr 2031669559], length 1155, By=spiffe://cluster.local/ns/bar/sa/auth-test-sa;Hash=7c60a6491f951ed8b35b75239a6b7c9f2b7671571a6e8d346adcfd5adce46db7;Subject=\\;URI=spiffe://cluster.local/ns/foo/sa/auth-test-sa, https://istio.io/latest/docs/concepts/security/, check if traffic is encrypted using tcpdump, Istiod automates key and certificate rotation at scale. Click here to learn more. My application is in the "seldon" namespace and I tried applying my policies to the "seldon" namespace and targeting the application by its label. Enough of this JWT introduction, lets get our hands dirty. Pods in foo and bar accept plain text traffic from legacy, You can do this manually instead of running the above command. For example, the following peer authentication policy requires mutual TLS on all ports, except port 80: As before, you also need a destination rule: A workload-specific peer authentication policy takes precedence over a namespace-wide policy. The root cause of this is the same than Istio: Health check / sidecar fails when I enable the JWT RequestAuthentication, but after further diagnose, I have reworded to simply (trying to get help) Problem. The payload3. ISTIOD (unified single binary for istios control plane)does. Why do we want request headers (line 9 res.json(req.headers))?Istio docs mention that if mTLS is working/enabled, the proxy injects the X-Forwarded-Client-Cert header to the upstream request to the backend. If you are not planning to explore any follow-on tasks, you can remove all resources simply by deleting test namespaces. End-user authentication and authorization Get full access to Istio in Action, Video Edition and 60K+ other titles, with free 10-day trial of O'Reilly. The port in destination rule is the service port(80), which maps to respective target container port(8001). Run the following command in terminal to get the http responsesThe following command is frequently used further in this post. Shows you how to use Istio authentication policy to setup mutual TLS and basic end-user authentication. Figure 1. Requests to all other paths succeed, for example $INGRESS_HOST/ip. STRICT: Workloads only accept mutual TLS traffic. When using plain http, is simpler, we only need to implement a function and apply out, After the service is deployed and ready, you can use by setting a provider in the authorization policy. Istio uses Kubernetes service accounts as service identity, which offers stronger security than service name (for more details, see Istio identity).Creating service account automatically creates token. All requests should succeed with HTTP code 200. Policy to allow mTLS strict for all workloads, but leave port 8080 to OIDC is an identity layer built upon the OAuth 2.0 protocol which allows the identity of a user to be verified based on authentication to an identity provider. You have a few choices for end-user authentication, such as: Applied globally, to all Services across all Namespaces via the Istio Ingress Gateway; All traffic is encrypted since both foo and bar have sidecars.Why is the traffic encrypted even though no peer authentication policies are created?By default Istio enables Mutual TLS in PERMISSIVE mode. used. In here, we can see how to get headers from the request and process them. There is no "self sign" here, all our certs are . git clone https://github.com . English . jq (json query)is required to parse json response received from curllines 68 copy remaining files to current directory. Istio is an open source project to better manage service mesh in the world of microservices. For example, the following peer authentication policy enables strict mutual TLS for the foo namespace: As this policy is applied on workloads in namespace foo only, you should see only request from client-without-sidecar (sleep.legacy) to httpbin.foo start to fail. In peerauthentication we use container port number, not service port. Authorization policy supports CUSTOM, DENY and ALLOW actions for access control. For example, take the response from a request to httpbin/header. The specification of the policy is the same as for a mesh-wide policy, but you specify the namespace it applies to under metadata. - GitHub - istio-ecosystem/security-policy-migrate: A tool to convert the Istio . Istio has the concept of request authentication, which applies JWT Rules to a request which can come from a workload inside the cluster or a request coming from outside the cluster. You can repeat the checks like looking for presence of x-forwarded-client-cert in the request headers or tcpdump in istio-proxy sidecar as explained in previous section as we apply different Peer Authentication Policy. Istio enables original authentication with JSON Web Token (JWT) validation and open-source OpenID connect providers (e.g. The script can be downloaded from the Istio repository: For example, the command below creates a token that Istio can authenticate an incoming HTTP request, ensuring the JWT issued has not been tampered somewhere in the middle. Legacy has no sidecar and thus plain text traffic.Also the request legacy foo is successful because there are no peerauthetication policies currently active, But when you curl from foo bar or from bar fooyou should see something like. Istio Archive The following scenarios will be reviewed in the article: A JWT (short for JSON Web Token) is a web standard for sharing claims between two parties. exit code 56 implies failed to receive network data. run the following: You can verify setup by sending an HTTP request with curl from any sleep pod in the namespace foo, bar or legacy to either httpbin.foo, Install Istio on a Kubernetes cluster with the default configuration profile, as described in installation steps . settings for port 8080. Lines 1-4 create a service account. With peerauthentication in place, the destination rule should explicitly have TLS configuration with the same mode as the corresponding peerauthentication (ISTIO_MUTUAL in this case). Lets now take a look at the request authentication manifest we have defined in the repo, its located in terraform/ops/main.tf. Write your first Istio mixer policy. There are two types of authentication provided by Istio Peer Authentication For service-to-service authentication Request Authentication For end-user authentication. Do you have any suggestions for improvement? DISABLE: Mutual TLS is disabled. It will exec into auth-test container (specified in auth-deployment.yaml) of namespaces foo, bar, legacy and returns http response code by running curl command in the respective terminals of the containers in a loop. This task covers the primary activities you might need to perform when enabling, configuring, and using Istio authentication policies. In this article, we dived into how istio handles authentication & authorization using JWTs, being a widely used standard, JWT pretty important to learn, istio gives us a powerful yet easy way on applying our own rules to authn & authz several types of workloads. To set a peer authentication policy for a specific workload, you must configure the selector section and specify the labels that match the desired workload. You can find the code responsible for evaluating the rules in here. (minikube in my case), At the time of this post, the following versions were used, Write a minimal node.js server to perform only required, Create a kubernetes deployment, service and a service account, Deploy application into three different namespaces namely foo, bar and legacy. Now send a request from foo legacy or from legacy foo.you should see plain text captured something like: Plain text is captured, why? If you provide a token in the authorization header, its implicitly default location, Istio validates the token using the public key set, and rejects requests if the bearer token is invalid. Shows you how to incrementally migrate your Istio services to mutual TLS. You can find more information in here. Who does the automated process of generation, distribution and rotation of certificates and keys? Yeah I tried that. Since it doesnt specify a value for the selector field, the policy applies to all workloads in the mesh. However, Istio cannot aggregate workload-level policies for outbound mutual TLS traffic to a service. You can find more information here. If any of the ALLOW policies match the request, allow the request. Effectively, this rule states that any JWT evaluated must have the iss field with the value my.jwt.issuer and should be signed by any key of the private part of the keys present in http://auth-service.default.svc.cluster.local/jwk/public.Just remember that this will create the policy but to apply if to the gateway we must use an AuthorizationPolicy. Understand Istio authentication policy and related This post deals with only Peer Authentication. Basically of all of the things that Istio does what I really need is the Authentication Policy using JWT. Wait for a couple of minutes, and youll have a complete k8s playground with istio and all the required services & configuration applied. Istio Authorization Policy enables access control on workloads in the mesh. Istiod enables strong service-to-service and end-user authentication with built-in identity and credential management. This post focuses on security and to be more specific, how to secure the traffic between pods running in kubernetes cluster with Istio service mesh. There's also live online events, interactive content, certification prep materials, and more. Istio uses Envoy Proxy as a sidecar, and delegates all the network, security, load-balancing work to Envoy. installation steps. Understand Istio authorization. 4D Result Live How to Win a Damacai 4D Lottery? When CUSTOM, DENY and ALLOW actions are used for a workload at the same time, the CUSTOM action is evaluated first, then the DENY action, and finally the ALLOW action. In this CRD we will apply the request authentication in the previous step and, we will go further by decoding the jwt and evaluate other fields. Love podcasts or audiobooks? expires in 5 seconds. Policies to allow both mTLS & plaintext traffic for all workloads under namespace foo, but require mTLS for workload finance. upstream request to the backend. To prevent non-mutual TLS for the whole mesh, set a mesh-wide peer authentication policy to set mutual TLS mode to STRICT. Istio Authentication Policy To enable Istio end-user authentication using JWT with Auth0, we add an Istio Policy authentication resource to the existing set of deployed resources. This mode is most useful during migrations when workloads without sidecar cannot use mutual TLS. There are different types of authentication flow which dictate how authentication is handled by the identity provider, but the most common is the Authorization Code Flow, which we . As expected legacy foo and legacy bar fail with exit code 56. Remove global authentication policy and destination rules added in the session: To change mutual TLS for all workloads within a particular namespace, use a namespace-wide policy. Istio can be used to enforce access control between workloads in the service mesh using the AuthorizationPolicy custom resource. existing destination rules and make sure they do not match. Docs Blog News FAQ About. According to the Istio security doc: "Request authentication policies can specify more than one JWT if each uses a unique location. YieldYeti Built to Maximize Results multi-strategy. Istio supports a method called for using an external service to apply our custom authorization logic, useful when we want a dynamic way tomanage access controls. There are two ways of enabling authentication in Istio so that only known users have access: We use the Istio-provided end-user authentication policy; Or we write an Istio Envoy Filter and customize the Envoy proxy directly.

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