istio authorization policy principals

These solutions are running a controller thats watching NetworkPolicies, and configures the underlying networking layer accordingly. Azure AKS. Optional. It allows requests from: Unlike NetworkPolicies, AuthorizationPolicies support both ALLOW and DENY actions. If not set, any method is allowed. If youre reading this article, you should already be familiar with Istios high level architecture, but heres a (very) brief recap. But so far, we havent really touched control. Those standards, co-written by Tetrate founding engineer Zack Butcher, are codified in NISTs SP 800-204 series. Bug description The API is quite simple, it consists of a single CRD, called AuthorizationPolicy, but more on the YAML details later. Optional. If any ALLOW policies are applied to a workload, traffic is denied to that workload by default, and only those requests that are explicitly configured are allowed. attribute. Encryption and strong workload identity limits reconnaissance and provides for authenticity of communication. A request is evaluated against the authorization policies when it arrives to the proxy. This may include behavioral attributes like deviations from observed usage patterns or the state of the requesting asset like software versions installed, network location, and time/date of the request. If not set, the authorization policy will be applied to all workloads in the When access is granted, it should be granted with the least privilege required. This allows the integrity and security posture of all assets to be continuously monitored and policy enforcement continuously assured. The following authorization policy applies to workloads containing label "version: v1" in all namespaces in the mesh. The following authorization policy applies to workloads containing label So to recap, the above policy allows GET requests from workloads with the cluster.local/ns/backyards-demo/sa/frontpage identity to backyard-demo/catalog, and denies everything else. Istio authorization doesnt need to be explicitly enabled. Source specifies the source of a request. Optional. If youre looking for a migration path, Id recommend to read the official blog post. the condition is matched. In a zero trust network, every resource is protected internally as if it were exposed to the open internet. Bug description Hi all, As the documentation says, we should have mtls enabled in our cluster or the microservices that want to user AuthiorizationPolicy using the principal field. workload instance info such as labels attached to the pod/VM, or any other info When talking about AuthorizationPolicies, we have to mention Kubernetes NetworkPolicies, because they are quite similar in terms of what problem they are trying to solve. As much information as possible should be collected and used to improve security posture. In an increasingly complex networking environment, maintaining a robust perimeter is increasingly difficult. The namespace of the resource determines the namespace where the rules will be enforced. All checks are performed runtime by the Envoy proxys authorization engine. It doesnt contain a condition, which means match any conditions. when specifies a list of additional conditions of a request. Already on GitHub? But so far, we haven't really touched control. Operations are listed in the to field, and answer the what? Bounding in time limits the risk of compromised credentials. Network reachability is not authorization. Authorization policy supports CUSTOM, DENY and ALLOW actions for access control. Encryption on the wire prevents eavesdropping and also ensures messages are authentic and unaltered. Istio also support exclusion matching, by providing the same fields with a not prefix. http://github.com/istio/istio/operator, Environment where the bug was observed (cloud vendor, OS, etc) So you can apply policies regardless of the layer 7 protocol, and these will be enforced in the kernel space. As a companion to NISTs standards for zero trust architecture in general, NIST has also published standards for how to apply zero trust principles specifically to microservices applications. This AuthorizationPolicy is applied to the catalog workload in the backyards-demo namespace, and while not explicitly specified, its an ALLOW rule, so it will deny all traffic that doesnt match the rules described here. Its extremely fast, but not as flexible as Envoy policies. Access control is enabled on a workload if there is any authorization policies selecting Authentication and authorization are bound to a short-lived session after which they must be re-established. This means that The following authorization policy allows all requests to workloads in namespace Mutual TLS must be enabled before using any of the following fields in the authorization policy: Reference: https://istio.io/v1.7/docs/concepts/security/#dependency-on-mutual-tls, The point is, we apply this configuration bellow and the AuthorizationPolicy is working without mTls enabled. Must be used only with HTTP. Standalone Operator Install [Experimental], Simplified Multicluster Install [Experimental], Upgrade Istio using istioctl [Experimental], Plugging in External CA Key and Certificate, Configure Citadel Service Account Secret Generation, Authorization Policy Trust Domain Migration, Virtual Machines in Single-Network Meshes, Learn Microservices using Kubernetes and Istio, Install Istio for Google Cloud Endpoints Services, Extending Self-Signed Certificate Lifetime, Generate Istio Metrics Without Mixer [Alpha], Understand your Mesh with Istioctl Describe, Diagnose your Configuration with Istioctl Analyze, RBAC Constraints and Properties (deprecated), ConflictingMeshGatewayVirtualServiceHosts, VirtualServiceDestinationPortSelectorRequired. question. /package.service/method. As Kubernetes is primarily focused on orchestration, resource management, and basic connectivity, it leaves zero trust networking security concerns to be addressed by other parties. Frequent policy evaluation. app: httpbin in namespace bar. This post tries to fill that gap, and discusses Istios access control model, or more specifically AuthorizationPolicies. A list of IP blocks, which matches to the source.ip attribute. The rules contain a source, that means that traffic is allowed only from a workload with the cluster.local/ns/backyards-demo/sa/frontpage identity (service account). Zero trust network architecture inverts the assumptions of perimeter security. Optional. Istio can be used to enforce access control between workloads in the service mesh using the AuthorizationPolicy custom resource. Source specifies the source identities of a request. if multiple authorization policies apply to the same workload, the effect is additive. The Kubernetes docs define network policies as follows: A network policy is a specification of how groups of pods are allowed to communicate with each other and other network endpoints. Optional. AuthorizationPolicies can be mesh-, namespace-, and workload-wide depending on the namespace and the spec/selector field. This implies implementing at least TLS for all communication, with mTLS and associated secure workload identities as a best practice for service-to-service communication. Istio is: The Envoy data plane provides reference monitors by way of non-bypassable policy enforcement points (PEPs) in front of each service and at each ingress and egress gateway. selected. Istio claims that it helps to connect, secure, control and observe services. So for example notNamespaces: default would match sources from all namespaces, except from default. Kubernetes network policies are implemented by different networking solutions, like Calico. WorkloadSelector specifies the criteria used to determine if a policy can be applied As the documentation says, we should have mtls enabled in our cluster or the microservices that want to user AuthiorizationPolicy using the principal field. in namespace foo. Rule allows access from a list of sources to perform a list of operations when Workload selector decides where to apply the authorization policy. 1.2.3.4) and CIDR (e.g. If you feel this issue or pull request deserves attention, please reopen the issue. Authorization Policy scope (target) is determined by metadata/namespace and Weve blogged a lot about connect, even more about observe, and also had a few articles about secure. If not set, access is denied unless explicitly allowed by other authorization policy. namespace, the policy applies to all namespaces in a mesh. matches to the request.auth.principal attribute. These policies are additive, they do not conflict, and order of evaluation is irrelevant. The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: mTLS is enabled between sidecars where possible by default: https://preliminary.istio.io/latest/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/tls-configuration/#auto-mtls. Just like with the PeerAuthentication resource, putting it in the root Istio namespace (usually istio-system), without a selector has a special effect: these rules will be enforced mesh-wide, in all namespaces. The control plane on the other hand is accepting user configuration through CRDs, and - among a few other things - transforms these CRDs to Envoy configuration and delivers it to the proxies. Operating at the application layer has its advantages. A list of source peer identities (i.e. This post tries to fill that gap, and discusses Istio's access control model, or more specifically AuthorizationPolicies. that the proxy provides to Istio during the initial handshake. The following authorization policy applies to workloads containing label A list of ports, which matches to the destination.port attribute. But operating at the network layer has the advantage of being universal, since all network applications use IP. when the request has a valid JWT token issued by https://accounts.google.com. - service account cluster.local/ns/default/sa/sleep or We've blogged a lot about connect, even more about observe, and also had a few articles about secure. Bounding in time with dynamic policy enforcement on short-lived sessions ensures authorization is based on up-to-date policy. Operation specifies the operations of a request. The sidecars are Envoy proxies, and the control plane is now basically a single service, called istiod. Those resources were part of the v1alpha1 API, that is now completely replaced by the v1beta1 API. Hi all, Bounding in space allows for high granularity of policy enforcement. (Assuming the root namespace is the configuration namespace in which the resource is present. Istio Authorization Policy enables access control on workloads in the mesh. to specifies the operation of a request. - POST method at path /data. If not set, any host is allowed. Another difference worth mentioning is that NetworkPolicies work in an additive, whitelist model. If multiple conditions are In the standard, NIST establishes a reference platform consisting of Kubernetes for orchestration and resource management with the Istio service mesh to provide the core security features. Fine-grained observability allows real-time assurance and post-facto auditability of policy enforcement plus the necessary data for troubleshooting and analysis. All communication should be encrypted. See the full list of supported attributes. Zero trust security is emerging as a preferred approach for enterprises to secure both their traditional and modern, cloud-native applications. Please see this wiki page for more information. The perimeter of trust around resources should be as small as possibleideally zero. Traditional network security relies on a strong defensive perimeter around a trusted internal network to keep bad actors out and sensitive data in. Optional. Access to resources should be observable. AuthorizationPolicy enables access control on workloads. Theres no easy answer to which one is better?, because they are good at different things. Unlike perimeter security, access to a service is not granted solely because that service is reachable. Optional. - workload selector can be used to further restrict where a policy applies. from specifies the source of a request. Just like any other mesh configuration, authorization rules can be specified through Kubernetes CRDs. which means requests to the workload will be rejected if the request is not allowed by any of to your account. Access should be mediated by a policy enforcement point (PEP) in front of every resource that is capable of retrieving and enforcing access decisions. Because Envoy understands different protocols (most commonly HTTP), it allows for a rich set of attributes to base policy decisions on. A NetworkPolicy cannot do these, because these concepts are unknown at the network and transport layers. Have a question about this project? Access to resources should be bounded in time. Currently AuthorizationPolicy only supports ALLOW action. Then Envoy returns the result, either ALLOW or DENY. The selector, that is a standard Kubernetes label selector, can be used to restrict the policy to specific workload(s) in the namespace, making the policy workload-wide. If set to root A list of hosts, which matches to the request.host attribute. The main networking security gaps in Kubernetes are (NIST SP 800-204B, 2.1.1): To augment Kubernetes for security, Istio acts as a security kernel in the NIST reference architecture. Frequent policy evaluation. foo. Then at last, conditions are described in the when field and answer the when? It gives the user a very powerful and flexible, yet performant way of authorization between Kubernetes workloads. Secure, authentic communication. For example, the following authorization policy denies all requests to workloads Bounding in time with dynamic policy enforcement on short-lived sessions ensures authorization is based on up-to-date policy. Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community. Bounding in space allows for high granularity of policy enforcement. label selector app: httpbin, version: v1. version: v1 in all namespaces in the mesh. Authenticated and authorized workloads are protected from perimeter breaches. If you need a unified and consistent way to secure and manage services across a fleet of applications, check out Tetrate Service Bridge (TSB), our comprehensive edge-to-workload application connectivity platform built on Istio and Envoy. - Prefix match: abc will match on value abc and abcd. The following authorization policy applies to all workloads in namespace foo. Service identity and end-user credentials are dynamically authenticated and authorized before any access is allowed. For example, the following authorization policy applies to workloads matched with It also contains an operation, that only matches GET requests. If not set, any request principal is allowed. question. A list of paths, which matches to the request.url_path attribute. service account), which The result works as declared on the AuthorizationPolicy file but without any mTls enabled between the pods. The following is a workload-wide policy, that applies to pods in the backyards-demo namespace that have the app=catalog label. Sources are specified in the from field, and answer the who? Condition specifies additional required attributes. (Assuming the root namespace is configured to "istio-config"). When a NetworkPolicy selects a specific pod, that pod will reject any connections, except those that are explicitly allowed. Using istio operator 1.7.2 Secure, authentic communication. Architecture Istio Authorization can be . Operation specifies the operation of a request. For example the below example matches request header values: Finally, take a look at a more complex rule to see how it matches requests when most fields contain multiple entries: This final example contains two separate rules in one policy with an ALLOW action. For gRPC service, this should be the fully-qualified name in the form of Bounding in time limits the risk of compromised credentials. The matching criteria includes the metadata associated with a proxy, 1.2.3.0/24) are supported. AuthorizationPolicies on the other hand have DENY and ALLOW rules as well, that complicates things a bit, but again, allows for more flexible rules.

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